Jacketed Tubing

Jacketed tubing provides a consistent, controlled temperature that is not achievable with insulation or traditional pipe heating methods often used to maintain the temperature of a product.

CSI has been designing and building hygienic sanitary jacketed piping systems/components for more than 30 years. CSI takes pride in understanding customer needs and aims to contribute to a quality, low-cost system that withstands the test of time.
 

WORKING PRINCIPLE

Jacketing is the process of creating a sealed, metal casing (the jacket) around a length of tube or pipe. This jacket has an inlet and outlet, allowing heating or cooling media to flow around the inner tube. The heating or cooling media flowing through the jacket changes the temperature of the product inside the inner tube.

jacketed-tubing-horizontal

A standard tube-in-tube design, when installed properly, utilizes the effect of countercurrent flow between media and product tubes to promote efficient heat exchange. With a range of sizes available, particulates can flow freely through the system, delivering gentle product treatment.

TUBE-IN-TUBE DESIGN

Engineers at CSI size jackets to provide proper flow and velocity for efficient and effective operation. As a heat exchanger for sheer sensitive products, the standard double-tube design utilizes countercurrent flow between the media and the product for efficient heat exchange. The unobstructed, full-bore design handles large particulates gently and allows for easy visual inspection. These versatile systems can be installed almost anywhere on walls, ceilings, or floors.

VERSATILITY

Extremely versatile and easily expandable, our jacketed tubing systems are designed for media temperatures ranging from 34ºF to 205°F and product temperatures from 34ºF to 300°F. The modular design and availability of elbows, tees, and other components makes custom configuration and future expansion easier.

FEATURES
  • Thermal expansion and contraction
  • Easy internal inspection
  • Maintenance-friendly operation
  • Removable o-ring jacket design
  • Variety of installation options
  • Documentation options.
MATERIALS
Product316L, AL-6XN®, Hastelloy® C-22®
Jacket304 stainless steel
APPLICATIONS

Applications include candy and confection products, sauces, salsas, cosmetic and health care products, pharmaceutical products and water systems, brine solutions, and general product line heating and cooling.

Design Considerations

CSI experts take these design considerations into account when creating original drawings for individual needs. These experts are aware of the challenges that come with jacketed tubing, and they are experienced in finding affordable, lasting solutions.

Minimize Piping Breaks (Joints)

Each piping break, both for media and product, has a direct cost impact (the physical component costs) and an indirect cost impact (the preventative maintenance costs) associated with each joint. Eliminating piping breaks from the system, as deemed appropriate by the end-user, provides substantial cost savings.

When referring to the direct cost impact, it is possible to eliminate all of the components (both media and product) needed to create the break in the piping system. This would eliminate one clamp, two product ferrules, one product gasket, two jacketed end rings, two jacketed couplings, one jacketed media hose assembly, and all of the associated labor to construct this break in the system. If removed, each system break has the following labor-saving potential:

  • Eight welding operation reductions
  • Eight machining/cutting/facing operation reductions
  • Eight to ten polishing/color-cleaning operation reductions
  • At least three assembly operation reductions

The total cost of physical components and associated labor cost for each break could provide considerable cost savings when extrapolated to an entire system. In an effort to answer the indirect cost impact associated to each of these piping breaks, we must address the following questions:

  • What is the standard preventative maintenance associated with replacing in-service product contact gaskets?
  • How frequently do these media connections/hose assemblies need to be attended to due to common operating leaks that occur over time?
  • What are the associated maintenance labor costs for these activities?
  • What cost impact is it for production to stop or be off-line to make necessary adjustments or perform maintenance?
  • Is there a safety cost factor associated with an operator being exposed to media solution should one of the hose assemblies fail?
Optimal Annular Space

Having the wrong amount of space between tubes can cause a multitude of undesirable product integrity concerns. Optimizing spacing will prevent product solidification, scorching, and similar problems. Maintaining optimal annular space, through 90 degree elbows or tees, can be a costly challenge.

jacketed-tubing

Proper component design, to achieve a uniform annular space with the jacket, is necessary to achieve a desired process temperature throughout the piping system. Improper design can also lead to short circuiting of the media solution.

Tube vs. Pipe Jacket

Using pipe as a jacket adds a lot of unnecessary weight to the pipe system, forcing the mounting structures (i.e. hangers, hangers supports, piping racks, etc.) to be constructed from heavier gauged materials in order to safely support the extra weight. The overall cost impact depends upon the location of the facility (earthquake zones) and safety design standards deemed necessary by the end user, since most lines are installed overhead of operators.

CSI has received questions about the pressure rating for tubing versus pipe, as it relates to jacketed piping components. The theoretical bursting pressure on tube far exceeds the operating pressure of typical media systems. In other words, other media system components would fail before pressure could collapse or rupture the internal product tube.

Another factor to consider is the availability of tubing. Products with a mechanical external finish, like hygienic sanitary tube-based components, are more commercially available than those in a pipe-based component. Additional expense would be incurred should it be necessary to achieve a uniform cleanable exterior surface (mechanically polished) on a jacketed system that uses pipe for its jacket material.

System Operating Pressures

The product side shall always operate at a higher pressure than the media side, when it comes to the operating pressure differential between the product and the media system. If an unforeseen failure happened in the product piping, then the product would be pushed into the media rather than the media being drawn into the product, thus causing a product contamination.

These are just a few topics that address the overall quality/performance of a jacketed piping system design. To achieve the most economical design solution for a system, careful consideration should also be given to the following areas:

Peripheral Insulation Needed (due to subpar system performance)
  • Wrapped fiberglass
  • Poly-foam
  • Heat tracing
Thermo Differentials and Expansions
  • Between product and media
  • Cycle times and duration
Expansion Joints Versus Welded Construction
  • Floating o-ring design
Crevice Corrosion on Media Side
  • Jacket construction
  • Media solution
  • Chemically enhanced (purification or temperature)
Media Cavity
  • Internal product piping supports
  • Attachment method
Turbulent Mechanism
  • Flow disrupters
  • Fins
  • Wraps

Caution: Not rated for steam applications.

Sanitary Tube Specifications
Tube ODTube IDWall ThicknessVolumeWeight Dry*Weight with Water**Flow (gpm) at Mean Velocity
(in)(in)(in)(gal/100 ft)(lbs/100 ft)(lbs/100 ft)(5 fps)(7 fps)(10 fps)

¼

0.1800.0350.138.19.20.400.560.79
0.3050.0350.3812.916.01.141.592.28
½0.3700.0650.5630.635.31.72.33.4
¾0.6200.0651.5748.261.34.76.69.4
10.8700.0653.0965.891.59.31319
1.3700.0657.66100.9164.8233246
21.8700.06514.27136.1255.1436086
2.3700.06522.92171.2362.46996138
32.8700.06533.60206.4486.7101141

202

43.8340.08359.97351.8851.9180252360
65.7820.109136.39694.71832.2409573818
87.7820.109247.07930.62991.174110381482

*Weight dry is based on 0.287 lb/in³
**Weight with water is based on 8.34 lb/gal

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